Archives
All the articles I've archived.
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Aim of Mid Day Meal (MDM) Program
Aim of Mid Day Meal (MDM) Program
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A Beginner's Guide to Fundamental Rights and Their Significance
A Beginner's Guide to Fundamental Rights and Their Significance
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Healthy Minds and Healthy Bodies - The Dual Aims of the Mid Day Meal Programme
Healthy Minds and Healthy Bodies - The Dual Aims of the Mid Day Meal Programme
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How are peroxisomes and lysosomes generated in a cell? What are their functions?
How are peroxisomes and lysosomes generated in a cell? What are their functions?
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The Science Behind Antigen-Antibody Reactions - How Our Bodies Fight Infection
The Science Behind Antigen-Antibody Reactions - How Our Bodies Fight Infection
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The Watson and Crick Model of DNA:A Comprehensive Guide to Understanding the Structure of Life
The Watson and Crick Model of DNA:A Comprehensive Guide to Understanding the Structure of Life
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Write a short note on Human Security
Write a short note on Human Security
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Differentiate between Xeropthalmia & keratomalacia, PUFA & saturated fat, Food law & food standards
differentiate-between-xeropthalmia-keratomalacia-pufa-saturated-fat-food-law-food-standards
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Important point to keep in mind while selecting meat & meat products, fats & oils
Important point to keep in mind while selecting meat & meat products, fats & oils
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Important point to keep in mind while selecting rice & wheat, fruits, milk & milk product
Important point to keep in mind while selecting rice & wheat, fruits, milk & milk product
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Functions & disorders caused by the deficiency of Niacin, Folic acid, Protein, Riboflavin, Vitamin D
Read the functions & disorders caused by the deficiency of the following: i) Niacin ii) Folic acid iii) Protein iv) Riboflavin v) Vitamin D
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Different methods used for assessment of nutritional status
different methods & anthropometric measurements used for assessment of nutritional status. Methods-Clinical method, Diet survey, Biochemical assessment
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What is a balanced diet? List the steps involved in preparing a balanced diet.
Understand what is a balanced diet and how to prepare a balanced diet ingeneral and for pregnant women?
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Prepare two nutritious snacks for a child attending an anganwadi & for an elderly
Prepare any two nutritious snacks - one for a child attending an anganwadi & second for an elderly.
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Read the activity carefully & record your result in the format provided
Read the activity carefully & record your result in the format provided. Submit for evaluation along with this assignment
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What are the different records you would maintain in a food service unit? Enumerate.
Record of sales & expenditure form an effective tool for reviewing the progress of a food service establishment.
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Define Standardized recipe, Work schedule, Adolescent growth spurt, Synergism, Food poisoning
1. Standardized recipe 2. Work schedule 3. Adolescent growth spurt 4. Synergism 5. Food poisoning A standardized recipe refers to a particular standard
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Differentiate between Enhancers & inhibitors, Essential & Non-essential amino-acids
1. Enhancers & inhibitors 2. Essential & Non-essential amino-acids Enhancers: Nutrients can interact with one another or with other dietary components
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Meal patterns of Tripura
Read meal patterns of Tripura, How many meals are taken in a day? Three meals are taken in a day. List the meals with their names & timing. i) Breakfast - 8 AM to 8:30 AM
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Relationship between nutrition, health. Functions & food sources of Vitamin A & calcium
read relationship between nutrition, health & nutritional status. Functions & food sources of vitamin a & calcium
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Briefly explain how the nutrient needs of adults are influenced by Activity level, Body size, Age
the factors activity level, body size, age to influence the nutrient needs of adults. Activity levels play an important role in the case of adults both men
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List four dietary considerations to keep in mind while planning meals for One year child, Adolescent girl
Read dietary considerations to keep in mind while planning meals for one year child & adolescent girl
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Objectives & components of Mid-day meal programme & ICDS
The mid-day meal programme has both health & educational objectives. There are - i. To improve the nutritional status & the attentiveness of school children
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Home-scale food preservation methods
all the process used for preserving food at home is based on the principles of preservation. The ones commonly used are preserving by drying
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Briefly discuss the dietary modifications/preventive measures-Diabetes Mellitus, Iron Deficiency Anaemia
Dietary modifications in diabetes mellitus are as follows- Regulations of the meals consumed in the essential.
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Comparative chart of function of all plant hormones. Practical applications of plant hormones
Functions of all the plant hormones (Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Ethylene, Abscisic acid) - Gibberellin has pronounced effect on leaf growth
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Write short note on 'Fenson & Spanner electroosmotic flow hypothesis'
In electroosmosis, the ions flow across a membrane in response to an electrical gradient. Ions pull along water & other contents because of solvent drag
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Write short note on 'Red Drop'
Emerson & Lewis (1943) measured quantum yield at different wavelengths of light. Quantum yield can be defined as a number of O2 molecules released per quantum of light absorbed
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Write short note on 'Biological responses controlled by Phytochrome'
Phytochrome responses are those which are controlled reversibly by red & far-red light. Fast responses, Slow responses
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Write short note on 'Biological clocks'
It is an aging clock & acts an age predictor that can be used to measure the age of most plant tissues, cell types or organs
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Describe how active transport takes place across the plasma membrane in plants
The plant plasma membrane ATPase is a transmembrane protein. The enzyme exists in two conformations differing in catalytic & transport properties
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Define stomatal frequency & stomatal index. Make a chart of macronutrients & micronutrients with function
Stomatal frequency is the number of stomata per unit area. Stomatal index is the ratio of a number of stomata to the total number of cells per unit area.
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Discuss why photorespiration is called "necessary evil"
Since photosynthesis has been evolving for millennia, it might be expected that the development of the machinery of carbon dioxide assimilation may have reached a stage perfection
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Describe electron transport pathway through photosystem I & photosystem II with suitable diagram
The transfer of electrons from H2O to NADPH is mediated by two separate photochemical reactions through two sets of pigment molecules
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Define Osmosis, Field capacity, Morphogenesis, Vernalisation, Overall Senescence
Osmosis is a special case of diffusion that lead to the movement of water from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration,
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Write short note on 'Regulation of kidney function'
Kidney function is regulated by renin angiotensin system. When the afferent arterial blood pressure is low, the stretch sensitive receptors of the arteriole
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Write short note on 'Factors responsible for deaths due to heat'
Degeneration of proteins, Thermal inactivation of enzymes, Inadequate oxygen supply, Temperature effects on membrane structure
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Write short note on 'Modes of respiration in animals'
The four basic categories of animal gas exchange mechanisms are diffusion through the body surface, gills, lungs & trachea
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Write short note on 'Effect of gastric hormones'
Gastric hormones are secreted from the stomach known as gastrin. They stimulates gastric secretion motility, Promotes growth of gastric mucosa
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Nature & functions of Estrogens in mammals. Formation & secretion of amino acid based hormones with diagram
The nature of estrogens is steroid. Function of estrogens to promote tissue growth. Formation & secretion of amino acid based hormones
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Basic functions of vertebrate kidney. Adaptations in terrestrial. Explain synaptic transmission. How calcium ion acts as physiological regulators?
The three basic functions of the vertebrate kidney are (i) Filtration (ii) Reabsorption (iii) Secretion. Control of muscle contraction by calcium ion
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Define Anatomical dead space
Anatomical dead space is the total volume of the conducting airways from nose or mouth down to the level of the terminal bronchioles. The dead space volume is 150 cm^3.
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What does Blood pressure mean? Process of Fluid transfer.
What does Blood pressure mean? Process of Fluid transfer.
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Define Cardiac output
The volume of blood ejected from the heart per unit time is called cardiac
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Define Pheromones
Anatomical dead space is the total volume of the conducting airways from nose or mouth down to the level of the terminal bronchioles. The dead space volume is 150 cm^3.
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Define Parthenogenesis
Parthenogenesis is a type of reproduction in which development of an individual takes place from an egg or a sperm without the participation of a germ cell from the opposite sex.
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Resting potential in a nerve cell
Resting potential in a nerve cell
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What does an oxygen dissociation curve show? Describe the method of glucose absorption.
The relationship of oxygen carrying capacity to surrounding oxygen concentration can be shown graphically by oxygen dissociation curves
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What do you understand by the term 'Fundamental Rights' as given in our constitution?
Right to equality, freedom, against exploitation, freedom of religion, cultural & educational, constitutional remedies
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Write short note on 'Juvenile Justice Act'
The Juvenile Justice (JJ) Act was launched in 1986 with a view to providing a uniform pattern of justice to the Juveniles throughout the length & breadth of the country
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Write short note on 'Family as a social institution'
A social institution is a set of rules & regulations which are part of an organization which fulfills an important function of society, such as, family
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Comment on Mahatma Gandhi's role in the national movement
Satyagraha, Non-cooperation movement (Asahayog Andolan), Civil disobedience movement (Dandi March), Quit India movement
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What do you understand by the term 'social structure'? Discuss.
Social structure is that enduring aspect of society which has a pattern & which is basically a set of rules that govern actual behavior.
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What do you understand by the term 'Renaissance'?
The term "Renaissance" means rebirth, in a narrow sense it is used to describe the revival of interest in the classical civilizations of Greece & Rome.
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What do you understand by the term 'Human Security'? Briefly discuss
Human security is an emerging paradigm for understanding global vulnerabilities whose proponents challenge the traditional notion of national security
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Describe with clear diagrams the variant cambial activity in the stems of Bignonia & Aristolochia
The variant cambial activity in the stems of Bignonia. In Bignonia & some other members of the Bignoniaceae family, the cambium produces secondary xylem & secondary phloem in different amounts
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Make a schematic diagram of the ontogeny of anther wall layers & microscope mother cells
A young anther consists of a homogeneous mass of meristematic cells that are surrounded by an epidermis.
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From given blood types, determine which baby belongs to which parents, also give reason.
For blood type, A & B are dominant alleles, & O is recessive to A & B. However, a person can have a phenotype of A, but a genotype of AO.
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Determine the allelic & genotypic frequencies of a randomly mating laboratory population of Drosophila
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium: p2+2pq+q2=1 & p+q=1, p = the freq of allele brown (B) q = the freq of allele black (b) p2 = the freq of dominant homozygous (BB)
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True and false: a) Mars has several features that are similar to Earth. b)Nuclear wastes are biodegradable.
Mars has several features that are similar to earth-True. Nuclear wastes are biodegradable- False
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The tradition and social functions of science
Science, today have grown on a secular materialistic basis, drawing inspiration and principles from traditional science. Science & ideas, functions.
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Detail the Watson & Crick model of DNA structure. How did it fit in the data provided by Chargaff?
The discovery of the double helix by James Watson & Francis Crick at Cambridge, in 1953, was one of the great deductive triumphs in the history of science
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Ultimate fine structure mapping of a gene or a chromosome. How it impact the study & application of Genetics
The ultimate fine structure mapping of a gene or chromosome, Information, Impact the study & application of genetics
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Does the operon concept apply to Eukaryotes? Describe a suggested mechanism for gene regulation in Eukaryotes.
The operon system has proved not be applicable in eukaryotes. One of the most popular models of gene regulation in eukaryotes is the Davidson-Britten model.
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In crosses involving given traits what are the most likely parental genotypes of Drosophila
If we wish to know the genotype of the F1's & the F2's from a dihybrid cross, a test cross may be used.
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Describe with appropriate examples the role of environment in the determination of sex
In some lower organisms, though the genetic determiners of the sex are present, the ambient environment plays a decisive role in the development of a particular sex type.
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Write short notes on Oncogenic viruses and Antigen-antibody reactions
Oncogenic viruses: Transformation by DNA & RNA viruses, Antigen-antibody reactions: Precipitin reaction, Agglutination reaction.
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Using diagrams explain the Holliday Model for the molecular mechanism of recombination
Holliday model, One model for eukaryotic DNA recombination that survives was proposed by Robin Holliday in 1964.
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Explain with clear & labelled diagrams the ways in which genes can be transferred in bacteria
Three processes in bacteria can transfer the genetic material from one cell to another: (i) Transformation (ii) Conjugation (iii) Transduction
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Discuss general causes of congenital defects & various theories of cellular aging
Causes of congenital defects : (i) Variation in chromosome morphology. Theories of cellular aging : Cellular senescence, DNA damage, Immunological theory of aging
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Explain difference between Instructive & permissive interactions, Mosaic & regulatory embryos, Radial & spiral cleavage, Regeneration & embryonic development.
Difference between: Instructive & permissive interactions, Mosaic & regulatory embryos, Radial & spiral cleavage, Regeneration & embryonic development.
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Describe the stages of regeneration of salamander limb and the role of proto-oncogenes in the induction of cancer
Salamanders (amphibians) have spectacular power of regeneration. Proto-oncogenes & their mutated versions that can cause cancer are called oncogenes.
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Write the terms for the following
a) The branch of science that deals with the study of relationships between organism and the environment.b)satellite instruction television experiment.
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Describe the basic process of oogenesis (animals) & make a chart to classify the eggs (animals)
The basic process of oogenesis in animals with the help of suitable diagrams. Classify the eggs in animals on the basis of amount of yolk, location of yolk.
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Describe the following briefly-Role of morphogenetic field in development of eye, Role of prothoracic gland in insect metamorphosis
Role of morphogenetic field in development of eye, The morphogenetic field of an organ may be defined as the sum total of properties of the cells of that region of the embryo from which the particular organ or structure will develop
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Describe the following briefly-CFU-M, L stem cells in mammals, Test for genomic equivalence
CFU-M, L stem cells in mammals, Experimental evidence indicates that in mammals all types of blood cells are derived ultimately from one type of stem cell called CFU-M
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Identify the correct words from the brackets
a) (Insulin / Penicillium) is a synthetically prepared antidiabetic drug.b)Two atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in the year (1945/ 1955)
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Discuss the applications of Plant Tissue Culture in Agriculture, Horticulture & Industry
Plant tissue culture is an essential component of plant biotechnology. The possibility to regenerate whole plants from protoplasts, single cells, tissue & organs, in-vitro, has opened out entirely new approaches to plant improvement
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What have we come to know about the nutrition of embryo from in vivo & in vitro studies
The nutrition of embryo in vivo studies, The young proembryo derives its nutrition from ovular tissues with the help of suspensor.
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Present a detailed account on Syngamy & Triple Fusion.
The ultimate destination of the pollen tube is to reach the female gametophyte & release the male gametes that can ensure fertilization.